Caregiver Characterization of Aggressive and Prosocial Behaviors in Children Aged 2 to 3 Years in Early Childhood Community Homes
Caracterización del cuidador sobre los comportamientos agresivos y prosociales de los niños y niñas entre 2 a 3 años de hogares comunitarios de primera infancia
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Objective: To establish levels of aggression and prosocial behavior in children aged 2 to 3 years belonging to the early childhood community homes of the Colombian Institute of Family Welfare (ICBF) in commune 9 of Sincelejo, Sucre, and to analyze the results with the sociodemographic factors of the caregivers. The hypothesis was that differences in levels of aggression and prosociality are associated with family, occupational, and contextual variables of caregivers. Method: The study adopted a quantitative approach with a non-experimental, descriptive cross-sectional design. An intentional sample of 67 caregivers, mostly women (73.1 %), belonging to 10 community homes was selected. The COPRAG test and an ad hoc psychosocial form were administered. The data were analyzed using SPSS software, employing frequency and percentage analyses for sociodemographic factors, and means, standard deviations, and comparisons between variables (child's gender, caregiver's occupation, and behavior levels). Results: The results showed a greater tendency toward indirect aggression (M = 10.90; SD = 2.55) and a lower frequency of direct aggression (M = 14.36; SD = 2.56), while prosocial behaviors were at average levels (M = 21.97; SD = 3.88). Most families belonged to socioeconomic stratum 1 (98.5 %), and caregivers held unskilled jobs (68.7 %). Conclusions: The differences observed in manifestations of aggression and prosociality appear to be related to parenting practices and caregivers' interaction styles. Likewise, the influence of family dynamics on children's social-emotional development and the need to strengthen community psychoeducational interventions are highlighted.
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